Dikiş makinesi

İlk dikiş makinesi Fransız Barthelemy Thimonnier tarafından 1830 yılında icat edilmiştir.^[1]

Elbise ya da çamaşır dikimine yarayan makine. XVIII. yüzyılın ortalara doğru bulunmuştur. Fakat 1846 yılında Amerikalı Elias Howe'un iki iplik kullanmaya ve kumaşın altında bir ilmik meydana getirmeye elverişli olan masuralı makineyi bulması ile gelişmiş John Baohelder, Ailen Winslow ve İsa Singer'in dikiş makinesinde yaptıkla) çeşitli buluşlarla dünyada en çok gelişen ve pratikleşen makinelerden biri olmuştur. Dikiş makinesi, birçok kısımlarda meydana gelmiştir. Esası, üstten bir iğneyle dikilecek şeyin altına geçen ipliği, orada ikinci bir iplik halkadan geçirdikten sonra geri çekmek ve böylece dikişe çok çabuk bir şekilde devam etmektir.

Elle işleyen dikiş makinesi olduğu gibi, ayakla, elektrikle çalışan diki makineleri de vardır. Bu arada, elbise v çamaşır dikmekten başka nakış yapmaya ,kundura v.b. şeyler dikmeye yarayan makineler vardır

Bu sayfa, başka dilde bir Vikipedi'den çevrilmektedir.
Siz de yardım etmek istiyorsanız ya da çeviri yarıda kalmışsa, çalışmaya katılan kişilerle iletişime geçip, sayfanın durumunu onlara sorabilirsiniz.
Sayfanın geçmişine baktığınızda, sayfa üzerinde çalışma yapanları görebilirsiniz.

Most industrial machines sew only a straight line of stitches.  Even something as simple as a bar-tack or a buttonhole stitch is usually done by a dedicated machine incapable of doing anything else.  When a variety of decorative stitching is required rather than a single stitch, a "commercial" machine (basically a heavy duty household machine) is usually employed.

[değiştir] Mechanical configurations

In addition to stitch formation and feed, sewing machines can differ widely in mechanical configuration. The generally recognized configurations are: flat-bed, cylinder-bed, post-bed, and off-the-arm. With the exception of overlock, all basic stitch types and feed mechanisms are available in all these mechanical configurations. Some special applications have distinctive mechanical configurations. For example, industrial blindstitch machines are almost always configured with a cylinder bed and a swing-away auxiliary flat bed.

Most household and industrial sewing machines are flat-bed configurations where the material being sewn feeds across a simple horizontal surface. Flat-bed machines are frequently mounted in a table or cabinet whose top surface is flush with the machine bed, effectively extending the machine bed to an arbitrary size. The flat-bed configuration is excellent for general work. Its primarily limitation is making seams in material that can not be flattened out around the needle, usually due to existing seams or the rigidity of the material being sewn.

The household "free arm" machine is a variation on the industrial cylinder-bed configuration. The material being sewn feeds perpendicular to the axis of a horizontal column containing the feed dogs, bobbins and/or loopers. The fabric can pass freely under and around the column. The cylinder-bed configuration is widely used, and is ideal for operations like attaching cuffs or hems to material already sewn into cylinders. It is also popular for work on non-flat objects like shoes and saddles. The size and cross section of a cylinder-bed varies substantially. Some cylinders are actually cylindrical with a diameter as small as 5 centimeters, or 16 centimeters in circumference. Others, like the household "free arm" have a distinct flat top surface and may be as much as 50 centimeters in circumference.

In a post-bed configuration, the material being sewn feeds across the end of a vertical column containing the feed dogs, bobbins, and/or loopers. The fabric can drape freely downward in all directions. This configuration is never seen in household machines, and is less common in industrial machines than the cylinder-bed configuration. Post-bed machines are used for operations with difficult access to the work area like glove making, shoe repair and attaching trims to mostly-completed garments. A height of a post-bed is not adjustable, but different models range in height from 10 to 45 centimeters, with 18 centimeters being common.

The off-the-arm configuration uses the third remaining possibility for feed direction with respect to a column. The material being sewn feeds along the axis of a horizontal column containing the feed dogs, bobbins, and/or loopers. The length of the column places a limit on the length of the seam that can be sewn, so this is the least common of the four basic mechanical configurations. However, off-the-arm machines are unexcelled for sewing sleeve and shoulder seams or other lengthwise seams that form a tube or cylinder. Multiple needle machines are common in the off-the-arm configuration, set up for double lap seaming, taping or flat-seaming in a single operation. Rarely, a machine will be set up to feed in the opposite direction or up-the-arm. -->