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July 5
July 5 is the 186th day of the year (187th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 179 days remaining until the end of the year.
[edit] Events
- 1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance, the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England.
- 1610 - John Guy sets sail from Bristol with 39 other colonists for Newfoundland.
- 1687 - Isaac Newton publishes Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica.
- 1770 - Battle of Chesma and Battle of Larga between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire.
- 1775 - US Congress adopts the Olive Branch Petition.
- 1803 - The convention of Artlenburg leads to the French occupation of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king).
- 1809 - Battle of Wagram starts, the two-day battle was the largest yet of the Napoleonic Wars.
- 1811 - Venezuela declares independence from Spain.
- 1813 - War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York begin.
- 1814 - War of 1812: Battle of Chippawa - American Major General Jacob Brown defeats British General Phineas Riall at Chippawa, Ontario.
- 1830 - France invades Algeria.
- 1833 - Admiral Charles Napier defeats the navy of the Portuguese usurper Dom Miguel at the third Battle of Cape St. Vincent.
- 1865 - The Salvation Army is founded in the East End of London, England.
- 1878 - The coat of arms of the Baku governorate was established.
- 1884 - Germany takes possession of Cameroon.
- 1934 - "Bloody Thursday" - Police open fire on striking longshoremen in San Francisco.
- 1935 - The National Labor Relations Act, which governs labor relations in the United States, is signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
- 1937 - Spam, the luncheon meat, was introduced into the market by the Hormel Foods Corporation.
- 1937 - Highest recorded temperature in Canada, at Yellow Grass, Saskatchewan: 45°C (113°F).
- 1940 - World War II: The United Kingdom and the Vichy France government break off diplomatic relations.
- 1941 - World War II: German troops reach the Dniepr River.
- 1943 - The Battle of Kursk, the largest full-scale battle in history, included world largest tank battle at Prokhorovka village, July 12.
- 1943 - World War II: An Allied invasion fleet sails for Sicily (Operation Husky, July 10, 1943).
- 1945 - World War II: Liberation of the Philippines declared.
- 1946 - The bikini is introduced in Paris, France.
- 1947 - Larry Doby signs a contract with the Cleveland Indians baseball team, becoming the first #FFFFFF player in the American League. (Jackie Robinson had broken the color barrier with the Brooklyn Dodgers in the National League 11 weeks earlier.)
- 1948 - National Health Service Acts created the national public health systems in the United Kingdom
- 1950 - Korean War: Task Force Smith - First clash between American and North Korean forces.
- 1950 - Zionism: The Knesset passes the Law of Return which grants all Jews the right to immigrate to Israel.
- 1951 - William Shockley invents the junction transistor.
- 1954 - The BBC broadcasts its first television news bulletin.
- 1954 - Andhra Pradesh High Court is established.
- 1958 - First ascent of Gasherbrum I, 11th highest peak on the earth.
- 1962 - Algeria becomes independent from France.
- 1970 - Air Canada Flight 621 crashes near Toronto International Airport killing 109 people.
- 1971 - Right to vote: the Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, lowering the voting age from 21 to 18 years, is formally certified by President Richard Nixon.
- 1973 - Catastrophic BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) in Kingman, Arizona, following a fire that broke out as propane was being transferred from a railroad car to a storage tank, kills 11 firefighters. This explosion has become a classic incident studied in fire department training programs worldwide.
- 1975 - Arthur Ashe becomes the first #FFFFFF man to win the Wimbledon singles title.
- 1975 - Cape Verde gains its independence from Portugal.
- 1977 - Military coup in Pakistan Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto the very first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan overthrown.
- 1987 - First instance of the LTTE using suicide attacks on Sri Lankan Army. The Black Tigers are born and in the following years continue to use it to deadly effect.
- 1989 - Iran-Contra Affair: Oliver North is sentenced by U.S. District Judge Gerhard A. Gesell to a three-year suspended prison term, two years probation, $150,000 in fines and 1,200 hours community service.
- 1994 - The United States announced it would refuse further unrestricted immigration from Haiti.
- 1996 - Dolly the sheep becomes the first mammal cloned from an adult cell.
- 1998 - Japan launches a probe to Mars, and thus joins the United States and Russia as a space exploring nation.
- 2003 - SARS is declared to be contained by the WHO.
- 2004 - First Indonesian presidential election by the nation.
- 2006 - North Korea launched at least two short-range Nodong-2 missiles, one SCUD missile and one long-range Taepodong-2 missile.
- 2006 - Emergency United Nations Security Council meeting held at the U.N in New York City because of the North Korean missile tests a day before.
[edit] Births
- 1321 - Joan of The Tower, Queen consort of Scotland (d. 1362)
- 1586 - Thomas Hooker, Connecticut colonist (d. 1647)
- 1653 - Thomas Pitt, British Governor of Madras (d. 1726)
- 1675 - Mary Walcott, American accuser at the Salem witch trials
- 1717 - Pedro III of Portugal, consort of Maria I of Portugal (d. 1786)
- 1718 - Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, Viceroy of Ireland (d. 1794)
- 1794 - Sylvester Graham, American nutritionist (d. 1851)
- 1801 - David Farragut, American naval commander (d. 1870)
- 1805 - Robert Fitz Roy, British naval officer and scientist (d. 1865)
- 1810 - P.T. Barnum, American circus owner (d. 1891)
- 1820 - William John Macquorn Rankine, Scottish engineer and physicist (d. 1872)
- 1829 - Ignacio Mariscal, Writer and Mexican diplomat (d. 1910)
- 1841 - William C. Whitney, American financier (d. 1904)
- 1853 - Cecil Rhodes, British founder of Rhodesia (d. 1902)
- 1860 - Robert Bacon, American politician (d. 1919)
- 1872 - Edouard Herriot, French politician (d. 1957)
- 1874 - Eugen Fischer, Nazi physician (d. 1967)
- 1879 - Wanda Landowska, Polish harpsichordist (d. 1959)
- 1879 - Dwight F. Davis, American tennis player and politician (d. 1945)
- 1880 - Jan Kubelík, Czech violinist (d. 1940)
- 1882 - Inayat Khan, Indian sufi (d. 1927).
- 1885 - Blas Infante, Spanish politician (d. 1936)
- 1885 - André Lhote, French painter (d. 1962)
- 1886 - Willem Drees, Dutch politician (d. 1988)
- 1888 - Herbert Spencer Gasser, American physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1963)
- 1889 - Jean Cocteau, French writer (d. 1963)
- 1890 - Frederick Lewis Allen, American social historian (d. 1954)
- 1891 - John Howard Northrop, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
- 1891 - Tin Ujević, Croatian poet (d. 1955)
- 1895 - Gordon Jacob, English composer (d. 1984)
- 1898 - Yip Man, Ving Tsun Sifu and Master of Style (Gung-Gung) (d. 1972)
- 1899 - Marcel Achard, French playwright, screenwriter and author (d. 1974)
- 1901 - Sergey Obraztsov, Soviet puppet master (d. 1992)
- 1902 - Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr., American diplomat (d. 1985)
- 1904 - Harold Acton, American writer and dilettante (d. 1994)
- 1904 - Ernst Mayr, American biologist (d. 2005)
- 1904 - Milburn Stone, American actor (d. 1980)
- 1905 - Myles Horton, American educator and Civil Rights Movement teacher (d. 1990)
- 1910 - Georges Vedel, French public law (d. 2002)
- 1911 - Georges Pompidou, French politician (d. 1974)
- 1913 - Smiley Lewis, American musician (d. 1966)
- 1915 - John Woodruff, American athlete (d. 2007)
- 1918 - George Rochberg, American composer (d. 2005)
- 1918 - René Lecavalier, French Canadian radio host and television sportscaster (d. 1999)
- 1920 - Mary Louise Hancock, American politician and activist
- 1924 - Niels Jannasch, Canadian historian and museum curator (d. 2001)
- 1924 - János Starker, Hungarian cellist
- 1928 - Warren Oates, American actor (d. 1982)
- 1928 - Pierre Mauroy, French politician
- 1928 - Katherine Helmond, American actress
- 1932 - Billy Laughlin, American actor (d. 1948)
- 1932 - Gyula Horn, former Hungarian prime minister
- 1935 - John Gilmore, American true crime author
- 1936 - Shirley Knight, American actress
- 1936 - James Mirrlees, Scottish economist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1938 - Ronnie Self, American rock singer and songwriter (d. 1981)
- 1939 - Booker Edgerson, American football player
- 1940 - Chuck Close, American painter and photographer
- 1942 - Johannes Löhr, German footballer and trainer
- 1943 - Curt Blefary, American baseball player (d. 2001)
- 1943 - Robbie Robertson, Canadian guitarist (The Band).
- 1945 - Humberto Benítez Treviño, Mexican Politician and Attorney General of México.
- 1946 - Pierre-Marc Johnson, Québécois lawyer, physician and politician
- 1946 - Paul Smith, British fashion designer
- 1946 - Gerardus 't Hooft, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laurete
- 1948 - William Hootkins, American actor (d. 2005)
- 1950 - Huey Lewis, American musician (Huey Lewis and the News)
- 1950 - Michael Monarch, American guitarist (Steppenwolf)
- 1951 - Rich Gossage, American baseball player
- 1951 - Keiko Fuji, Japanese enka singer
- 1954 - Leni Björklund, Swedish politician
- 1954 - John Wright, New Zealand cricketer
- 1954 - Jimmy Crespo, American guitarist (Aerosmith)
- 1955 - Peter McNamara, Australian tennis player
- 1956 - Patsy Pease, American actress
- 1956 - James Lofton, American football player and coach
- 1957 - David Hanson, politician
- 1957 - David Pinkney , British Touring Car Racer
- 1957 - Doug Wilson, Canadian hockey player
- 1958 - Paul Daniel, British opera and symphony conductor
- 1958 - Tzipi Livni, Israeli politician
- 1958 - Bill Watterson, American cartoonist
- 1959 - Marc Cohn, American singer and songwriter
- 1960 - Pruitt Taylor Vince, American actor
- 1960 - James M. Kelly, American politician
- 1960 - Brad Loree, Canadian actor and stunt performer
- 1961 - Isabelle Poulenard, French soprano
- 1963 - Edie Falco, American actress
- 1963 - Russ Lorenson, American singer and actor
- 1965 - Eyran Katsenelenbogen, Israeli jazz pianist
- 1966 - Kathryn Erbe, American actress
- 1966 - Susannah Doyle, British actress
- 1966 - Gianfranco Zola, Italian footballer
- 1967 - Silvia Ziche, Italian comics artist
- 1968 - Ken Akamatsu, Mangaka
- 1968 - Kenji Ito, Japanese composer
- 1968 - John Ruskin a.k.a. Nardwuar the Human Serviette, Canadian journalist
- 1968 - Alex Zülle, Swiss cyclist
- 1969 - John LeClair, American hockey player
- 1969 - RZA, American rapper (Wu-Tang Clan)
- 1969 - Jenji Kohan, American television writer and producer
- 1970 - Mac Dre, American rapper (d. 2004)
- 1971 - Derek McInnes, Scottish footballer
- 1972 - Letha Weapons, porn actress
- 1973 - Marcus Allbäck, Swedish footballer
- 1973 - Bengt Lagerberg, Swedish musician (The Cardigans)
- 1973 - Róisín Murphy, Irish musician
- 1973 - René Spies, German bobsledder
- 1974 - Márcio Amoroso, Brazilian footballer
- 1975 - Hernán Crespo, Argentinian footballer
- 1975 - Gunnar H. Thomsen, Faroese musician (Týr)
- 1975 - Kip Gamblin, Australian dancer and actor
- 1975 - Ai Sugiyama, Japanese tennis player
- 1976 - Nuno Gomes, Portuguese footballer
- 1976 - Marina Dias, Brazilian model
- 1976 - Bizarre, American rapper (D12)
- 1977 - Royce Da 5'9", American rapper
- 1977 - Nicolas Kiefer, German tennis player.
- 1979 - Stiliyan Petrov, Bulgarian footballer
- 1979 - Shane Filan, Irish musician (Westlife)
- 1979 - Amélie Mauresmo, French tennis player
- 1980 - Eva Green, French actress
- 1980 - Jason Wade, American musician (Lifehouse)
- 1980 - David Rozehnal, Czech footballer
- 1981 - Jesse Crain, Canadian baseball player
- 1981 - Ryan Hansen, American actor
- 1982 - Alberto Gilardino, Italian footballer
- 1982 - Philippe Gilbert, Belgian cyclist
- 1983 - Zheng Jie, Chinese tennis player
- 1984 - Yu Yamada, Ryukyuan model, actress and singer
- 1985 - Stephanie McIntosh, Australian pop singer and actress
- 1985 - Nick O'Malley, British musician (Arctic Monkeys)
- 1989 - Joseph King, American musician (Canvas)
- 1991 - Jason Dolley, American actor
[edit] Deaths
- 1316 - Infante Ferdinand of Majorca (b. 1278)
- 1375 - Charles III of Alençon, French archbishop (b. 1337)
- 1472 - Charles of Artois, Count of Eu, French military leader (b. 1394)
- 1539 - St. Anthony Maria Zaccaria, Italian saint (b. 1502)
- 1666 - Albert VI of Bavaria (b. 1584)
- 1676 - Carl Gustaf Wrangel, Swedish soldier (b. 1613)
- 1715 - Charles Ancillon, French Huguenot pastor (b. 1659)
- 1719 - Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, Irish general (b. 1641)
- 1773 - Francisco José Freire, Portuguese historian and philologist (b. 1719)
- 1833 - Nicéphore Niépce, French inventor (b. 1765)
- 1859 - Charles Cagniard de la Tour, French physicist (b. 1777)
- 1862 - Heinrich Georg Bronn, German geologist (b. 1800)
- 1904 - Abai Kunanbaiuli, Kazakh poet (b. 1845)
- 1908 - Jonas Lie, Norwegian author (b. 1833)
- 1920 - Max Klinger, German artist (b. 1857)
- 1927 - Albrecht Kossel, German physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1853)
- 1929 - Henry Lincoln Johnson, Member of 369th regiment (aka Harlem Hell Fighters), first American to receive the Croix de guerre (b. 1897)
- 1932 - Sasha Cherny, Russian poet (b. 1880)
- 1945 - John Curtin, 14th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1885)
- 1948 - Georges Bernanos, French writer (b. 1888)
- 1948 - Carole Landis, American actress (b. 1919)
- 1957 - Charles Sherwood Noble, American-born inventor
- 1965 - Porfirio Rubirosa, Dominican diplomat and international playboy (b. 1909)
- 1966 - George de Hevesy, Hungarian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885)
- 1969 - Walter Gropius, German architect (b. 1883)
- 1969 - Wilhelm Backhaus, German pianist (b. 1884)
- 1969 - Leo McCarey, American film director (b. 1898)
- 1969 - Tom Mboya, Kenyan politician (b. 1930)
- 1975 - Gilda dalla Rizza, Italian soprano (b. 1892)
- 1983 - Harry James, American musician (b. 1916)
- 1991 - Howard Nemerov, American poet (b. 1920)
- 1996 - Erik Wickberg, The Salvation Army general (b. 1904)
- 1997 - Mrs. Miller, American singer (b. 1907)
- 1998 - Sid Luckman, American football player (b. 1916)
- 2001 - Ernie K-Doe, American singer (b. 1936)
- 2002 - Katy Jurado, Mexican actress (b. 1924)
- 2002 - Ted Williams, American baseball player (b. 1918)
- 2003 - Roman Lyashenko, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1979)
- 2004 - Hugh Shearer, Prime Minister of Jamaica (b. 1923)
- 2004 - Rodger Ward, American race car driver (b. 1921)
- 2005 - James Stockdale, U.S. Navy vice admiral (b. 1923)
- 2005 - Shirley Goodman, American singer (b. 1936)
- 2006 - Kenneth Lay, American businessman (b. 1942)
- 2007 - Régine Crespin, French operatic soprano (b. 1927)
- 2007 - Kerwin Mathews, American actor (b. 1926)
- 2007 - George Melly, British jazz & blues musician (b. 1926)
- 2008 - Hasan Doğan, 37th president of the Turkish Football Federation (b. 1956)
[edit] Holidays and observances
- Venezuela: Independence Day (1811).
- Algeria: Independence Day (1962).
- Cape Verde: Independence Day (1975).
- Armenia: Constitution Day (1995)
- Czech Republic and Slovakia: Arrival of Saints Cyril and Methodius in Great Moravia (around 863).
- Isle of Man: Tynwald Day (1266).
- Church of the SubGenius: X-Day (1998).
- United States: Bloody Thursday, Longshoremans Union Holiday.
- Saint Antonio Maria Zaccaria, priest (d. 1539)
- Saint Nicomedes, martyr
- Saint Peter of Luxemburg, bishop of Metz, cardinal, confessor
- Saint Wendelin, confessor
- Saint Catherine, virgin, martyr (Translation) Regensburg
- Saint Zoe of Rome, martyr
[edit] External links
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